Ramp Slope Requirements
Ramps are extremely important accessible features found in the built environment. They provide an accessible route between two elevations and without them, people with disabilities would have a difficult time maneuvering throughout the world. There are other architectural means of providing access between two levels such as elevators and platform lifts but ramps require very little maintenance in comparison.
The difference between a ramp and a sloped walking surface.
The world is not flat (sorry Flat Earthers). In fact most walking surfaces have some level of grade variation to match the surrounding topography or to provide proper drainage so that water does not pool when it rains. But just because a walking surface is sloped does not make it a ramp. The slope threshold that distinguishes a ramp from a sloped walk is 5%. Once a running slope exceeds 5% it is considered a ramp.
Ramp vs Curb Ramp
Ramps and Curb Ramps are two separate elements with different requirements. Ramps provide access between 2 levels within a circulation path for pedestrian use and Curb Ramps provide access between a pedestrian way and a vehicular way. Click here to view the terms as defined by the California Building Code.
Maximum ramp slope.
Ground surfaces with a running slope of 5% or more are considered ramps or curb ramps depending on the locations and use. The maximum running slope of a ramp is 8.33%. If you are planning to construct a ramp and want to estimate the minimum ramp run length using a maximum slope of 8.33%, determine the vertical rise between the two levels. Multiply that number by 12 and that will give you your minimum ramp run length. Before investing any resources into constructing a ramp, you will want to consult with Certified Access Specialist and/or licensed contractor that has experience designing or constructing ramps.
Ramps and Curb Ramps are more involved than just pouring sloped concrete. Designers and contractors must consider additional requirements including: maximum rises, landings, handrails, wheel-guides and truncated domes just to name a few.
ADA compliant ramps.
Our CASp Inspectors have evaluated thousands of ramps and curb ramps for compliance with the ADA as well as the California Building Code. Contact our Certified Access Specialists for assistance with improving existing ramps or reviewing plan designs of new ramps. We look forward to working with you!
